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- Mac Spectacle - Documentation - 08.Jan.95 KIO !
- -------------------------------------------------------
-
- Mac Spectacle is a software emulator of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum,
- running on most Macintosh computers.
-
-
- Contents
- --------
-
- ** System requirements
- ** Imortant note!
- ** Instructions
- ** Bug report
- ** Copyrighted stuff
- ** Where can i get Spectrum games?
- ** How can i load real Spectrum tapes?
-
-
- System requirements
- -------------------
-
- Mac Spectacle runs on any Macintosh computer that meets the
- following requirements:
- mc68020 or higher; PPC is ok
- System 7.0 or higher
- color Quickdraw and Quicktime
-
- In the actual version 8bit indexed color, 8 bit greyscale or 16bit true color
- video is recommended. In 1, 2, 4 and 32bit mode the screen update and window refresh
- is very slow. When the ZX Spectrum window is not the top window or when it is not
- entirely within the screen, screen update and refresh is slow in any screen mode.
- For some reason, Notebooks go to sleep mode, even if the emulator is running.
-
-
- IMPORTANT NOTE
- --------------
-
- NEVER kill the emulator using control+option+escape except really nothing
- else works, for this will leave a ticker routine installed and you will
- probably not even manage to shut down your Macintosh properly.
-
- The emulator is running very stable. It only crashed my Mac when i was
- testing new routines.
-
-
- Instructions
- ------------
-
- The menus:
-
- Apple
- About ... Shows some legal notes and a pict of me
- Keyboard Toggles the highres display of a ZX Spectrum keyboard on/off
-
- File
- Load core loads a .SNA or .Z80 snapshot file
- Save core saves a .SNA snapshot file
- Restart reloads ROM and does a reset
- Hold suspends the Z80 CPU
- Resume resumes the Z80 CPU
- Insert tape open a tape file for subsequent LOAD ""
- Eject tape closes an open tape file
- Save picture saves a pict file (not a bitmap!)
- Save preferences Saves some settings and window locations as preferences
- Quit quits application
-
- Display
- 1:1 tiny screen
- 2:1 double size screen, only a little bit slower
- Refresh 1/25 screen update 25 times a second (slows down emulation)
- ...
- Refresh 6/25 screen update only 25/6 times a second (fastest emulation)
-
- Options
- Basic keyboard Remapping of most keys, roll over supression
- Game keyboard Native Specci keyboard, physical layout
- International Menus, messages etc. in English
- German Menus, messages etc. in German
-
- Debugger
- Logfile off Errors etc. aren't logged in a file
- L. only alerts minimal error logging to file
- L. general messages recording of standard messages to file
- L. extended debugging also debugging messages logged to file
- Console only alerts minimal error recording to console window
- C. general messages standard messages are written to console
- C. extended debugging also debugging messages are displayed
- Trigger NMI trigger non maskable interrupt
- Trigger Reset better use Restart from File menu
- ***test*** This menu entry should not be present
-
- Windows
- Console Window for all messages, errors, notes etc.
- ZX Spectrum The window you are mostly interested in
- Tape recorder Window with some controls to handle tape files
- Keyboard Highres display of a ZX Spectrum keyboard
-
-
- Loading and saving snapshots:
-
- .SNA and .Z80 files may be launched by drag&drop, or if they were created
- by Mac Spectacle by double clicking, or from the File menu. Snapshots
- only contain information about the ZX Spectrum side, not about any
- settings of the emulator. So window size, location or keyboard setting
- aren't affected. If the snap doesn't launch, the Z80 CPU may be halted,
- try 'Resume' or 'Restart' from the File menu. Snapshots may be saved at
- any time from the File menu.
-
- Loading tapes:
-
- .tape files represent the original program tapes. They may be opened by
- drag&drop or by double click or from the file menu. A small window
- opens, showing some tape recorder controls. The window is not topped,
- to leave the ZX Spectrum window in front. You normally don't need to
- access it. If you type LOAD "" (you know, you have to type j"" if you
- have selected basic keyboard mapping or even <j> <option+p> <option+p>
- if you have selected the game keyboard) the emulator reads from this
- file. If you type LOAD"" without a tape open, you will be prompted. If
- you open the tape recorder window from the windows menu, you will be
- prompted too.
-
-
- Bug report
- ----------
-
- Not yet supported:
-
- Sound
- Writing to any location on a tape; erasing tapes
- Writing .Z80 file format for snapshots
- Writing .scr file format for screenshots
- versions higher than ZX Spectrum 48k
- Joystick (i think of Kempston)
- Trace mode
- PPC native code
- Fast 1, 2, 4 and 32bit screen refresh
- Faster refresh for windows "not in optimal position"
-
- Not implemented:
-
- INI, IND, INIR, INDR
- OUTI, OUTD, OTIR, OTDR
- IM0
- exact timing of Z80 instructions
- exact incrementation of R
- exact implementation of DAA
- Some illegal instructions
- Some undocumented behaviour of the Z80 CPU
-
- Errors/known problems:
-
- There ARE errors in the Z80 emulation. At least ONE.
- ATIC ATAC sometimes doesn't realize the player wants to leave a room
- FRED freezes when you find a map.
- The Basic interpreter writes garbage to some of the first characters,
- when you edit Basic lines or scroll through a Basic program.
- But most games run good (including ATIC ATAC)
- I appreciate anybody making suggestions on the wrong emulated opcodes!
-
- DAA handling is lossy, that means, it may fail. I do not support the
- corresponding flags, i do it my way.
-
- I do a good job keeping all pointers inside the Z80 core. But there
- are some conditions that are not checked:
- * SP may be incremented or decremented beyond RAM and ROM.
- * overwriting the ROM
- * When interrupts are off and remain off, task switching on the
- Macintosh may hang for seconds. Type <apple>+<q> or <apple>+<n>
- Never kill Mac Spectacle using <control>+<option>+<escape>
-
- If the ZX Spectrum window is not the frontmost and not fully inside
- the screen, i delegate the task to redraw the window to QuickDraw.
- Then screen update and window refresh is slow.
-
- Secondary screens are not handled correctly. Test it, you'll see it.
-
- For some reason, Notebooks go to sleep mode, even if the emulator
- is running.
-
- I've not yet found the right way to swich off the mouse arrow.
-
- Sound output slows down the emulator drastically. If you think the
- Spectrum hangs at the beginning of games or new levels, it is most
- probably playing some sound.
-
- A certain percentage of interrupts is missed. This is due to
- background activities on the Mac. If they take longer than 1/50 secs,
- i can't do much against it.
-
-
- Copyrighted stuff
- -----------------
-
- Mac Spectacle contains the original ZX Spectrum 1982 ROM in it's resource
- fork. The ROM is copyrighted and the owner of the copyright is AMSTRAD,
- who has taken over Sinclair Inc.. Fortunately AMSTARD has stated publically,
- that the unmodified ZX Spectrum ROM may be distributed with any software
- emulator of the ZX Spectrum. I think, we have to thank them for this.
-
- In addition, i have included two program tapes for demonstration purpose,
- "pool" is a billard simulation and "Lords of Midnight" a fantasy role
- playing game, based on some Tolkien stuff. Both are still copyrighted,
- but permission to copy is granted by their respective copyright holders.
- I have checked this mainly by looking them up at ftp.nvg.unit.no.
-
- Is it legal to use memory snapshots?
- [taken from Marat Fayzullins Spectrum.FAQ file version 2.0]
- Formally, using snapshotted game without legal owning a copy of it
- on a tape is a *copyright violation*. Nevertheless, ZX-Spectrum games
- are not being sold anymore and using snapshots doesn't harm copyright
- holders much, if you don't make profit from it and don't distribute
- snapshots on a large scale. It seems that some companies [Ultimate/
- USGold] have nothing against free distribution of their games, but
- there is no written permission yet.
-
-
- Where can i get Spectrum games?
- -------------------------------
-
- If you have access to ftp, here are some sites where you can get snapshots
- of ZX Spectrum games and (a few) other programs. There are a lot of
- other emulators for other platforms too:
-
- ftp.dcc.uchile.cl /pub/Sinclair
- ftp.nvg.unit.no /pub/sinclair // only 100% legal stuff
- ftp.ijs.si /pub/zx // very extensive but i never got there...
- ftp.itu.edu.tr /pub/spectrum // looks like 9600bps to me...
-
- If you don't have access to any ftp possibilities: bad luck. See next
- chapter for a work around ...
-
- Best internet usegroup for Spectrum fans: comp.sys.sinclair
-
-
- How can i load real Spectrum tapes?
- -----------------------------------
-
- If you like Mac Spectacle or any other ZX Spectrum emulator, you
- probably owned or still own a ZX Spectrum or one of it's derivates.
- And if you owned a ZX Spectrum, you have probably some old tapes
- with programs lying around.
-
- If you want to rescue them from decaying and reuse them with the
- emulator, get ZX Loader, a program which reads in most tapes and
- stores them as 'tape files' on your Macintosh's hard disk. You can
- read from those 'tapes' just like the real ZX Spectrum can read real
- tapes, and it's much more fun watching the red-white or blue-yellow
- striped border, while a program loads (faster than on a real Specci,
- of corse) than just loading a snap. The tapes included in this
- Mac Spectacle distribution have been loaded with ZX Loader.
-
- ZX Loader is probably available at the same location you have got
- Mac Spectacle from.
-
-
- Have fun!
-
- ... KIO !
-
-
-